...

Properties and Applications of Carbon Graphite Materials

Material Composition and Characteristics

Carbon graphite is a synthetic composite material formed by combining an amorphous carbon matrix with flake graphite, exhibiting a steel-gray to deep black gradient. Its core properties derive from a unique dual-phase structure:

Property Category Performance Specifications Mechanism
Thermal Stability Oxidative (200-600°C)
Inert (≤3000°C)
Cryogenic (-270°C)
Stability of sp²-hybridized carbon network
Corrosion Resistance Resists petroleum derivatives, SO₂ Covalent-bonded hexagonal lattice
Self-Lubrication Dry friction coefficient: 0.08-0.15 Weak van der Waals forces between graphene layers
Controlled Porosity Porosity: 15-30% Pyrolytic volatilization creating porous network
Figure 1 Carbon graphite structure
Schematic of Carbon Graphite Microstructure

Advanced Manufacturing Process

  1. Raw Material Compounding

    • Amorphous carbon (Vickers hardness: 150-300 HV)

    • Natural flake graphite (particle size: 20-80μm)

    • Coal tar pitch binder (softening point: 90-110°C)

  2. Forming & Carbonization

    • Isostatic pressing (100-200 MPa)

    • Carbonization at 800-1200°C (N₂ atmosphere)

    • Mass reduction: 15-25% (volatile removal)

  3. Graphitization Enhancement

    • Acheson furnace treatment (2500-3000°C)

    • Functional impregnation:

      • Metal impregnation (enhances thermal conductivity)

      • Resin filling (improves corrosion resistance)

      • Solid lubricants (optimizes tribological properties)

Figure 2 Carbon graphite
Carbon graphite structure diagram

Comparative Performance Analysis

Parameter Carbon Graphite Pure Graphite
Density (g/cm³) 1.7-1.9 2.1-2.3
Compressive Strength (MPa) 80-150 20-50
CTE (×10⁻⁶/K) 2.5-5.5 0.5-4.5

Engineering Advantages

  • Extreme Temperature Adaptability: Maintains dimensional stability (CTE<5.5×10⁻⁶/K) from -270°C to 3000°C

  • Self-Sustaining Lubrication: Dynamic transfer film reduces wear rate to 10⁻⁶ mm³/N·m magnitude

  • Chemical Inertness: Stable in pH 0-14 environments (excluding strong oxidizers)

  • Precision Machinability: Achievable tolerance: ±0.005 mm

Industrial Applications

  • Fluid Control Systems: Ball valve seats (cryogenic service)

  • Rotating Machinery Components:

    • Centrifugal pump impellers (ANSI/API 610)

    • Compressor bearings (ISO 10438)

  • Specialized Sealing Elements:

    • Mechanical seal rings (API 682 standard)

    • Nuclear-grade graphite seals

  • Wear-Resistant Components:

    • Wafer handling carriers

    • High-temperature guide plates

Figure 3 Graphite structure

Graphite-structure

Material Enhancement Pathways

  1. Nano-Reinforcement: 5% graphene addition increases mechanical strength by 40%

  2. Composite Impregnation: Copper + MoS₂ dual-phase impregnation elevates PV limit to 5.0 MPa·m/s

  3. Surface Functionalization: CVD silicon carbide coating enables 800°C oxidation resistance

Industrial data indicates carbon graphite components extend service life by 300% in abrasive media pumps compared to conventional materials.

Material Selection Guidelines

Operating Condition Recommended Grade
High load (>50 MPa) Bronze-impregnated CB series
Highly corrosive environments PTFE-impregnated CGW type
Food/Pharmaceutical grade FDA-compliant resin impregnation

This composite material integrates graphite’s self-lubrication with amorphous carbon’s mechanical strength, serving as an irreplaceable engineering solution in aerospace, energy equipment, and precision manufacturing sectors.

ABOUT BENHONG

We are committed the win-win development with high quality services and products

LATEST NEWS
GET A FREE QUOTE
Contact Form Demo (#3)
Scroll to Top

Get A Free Quote Now !

Contact Form Demo (#3)
Seraphinite AcceleratorOptimized by Seraphinite Accelerator
Turns on site high speed to be attractive for people and search engines.